Monday, 19 March 2012
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John Wesley on Predestination
By Nic Don at TheopoliticalI appeal to every impartial mind…whether the mercy of God would not be far less gloriously displayed, in saving a few by his irresistible power, and leaving all the rest without help, without hope, to perish everlastingly, than in offering salvation to every creature, actually saving all that consent thereto, and doing for the rest all that infinite wisdom, almighty power, and boundless love can do, without forcing them to be saved, which would be to destroy the very nature that he had given them.
John Wesley, from Predestination Calmly Considered
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Comments (22)
I agree. Election without freewill makes no sense.
@kimberlyjal@xanga - Thank you.
Wesley's proposal totally ignored the depravity of Adam's race, which includes the fact that men don't have free will to choose Christ. He seemed to be comparing the two systems as theories competing to give God the more glory and concluded that God should do all He can to offer salvation to all men and to save those who consent. This, in fact, He already does in the Calvinist system, but He also makes select sinners willing and able to believe.
He commands all men to repent and believe the gospel, not that they are able to do so without His in-working, but because this is the proper duty of man in response to the Good News. He has commanded the gospel be preached to every person. There isn't an expectation that all who hear it will respond, but we know some will respond from every tribe and tongue, because God is sovereign over salvation. Only "as many as were ordained to eternal life will believe", those to whom "God has granted repentance unto life", the elect. Those who hear and don't respond are like first century Israel, adding to the weight of their guilt until the full measure of their sins be compiled and judgement will come upon them. True, they didn't have the moral ability to respond to the gospel, because they loved themselves and sin more than God, but their lack of moral ability is a result of continual hardening of the heart and only compounds their guilt.
God doesn't destroy men's nature by saving them from their sins; He gives them a new nature like His. He sets them free from slavery to sin and gives them free will to choose to continue in His grace, or to turn back into the world. Prior to salvation, they had no free will, no ability to choose God and reject sin; but now they have both. Again, Mr. Wesley is theorizing in denial of human depravity and that is the flaw in his proposal.
Perhaps it should have been titled Predestination Scathingly Attacked. It would have been a much more honest title. I agree with Wesley's perspective on the matter, but "Calmly" is false advertising.
@Rocky - Interestingly, total depravity was the only point of TULIP Arminians (including Wesley) affirmed. Wesley just believed equally in prevenient grace allowing all people to freely choose God. At the same time, he didn’t believe that God’s grace was irresistible, an idea he traced to Augustine’s neoplatonism and could not find support for it in Scripture. After all, weren’t Eden and creation products of God’s grace?
Thanks for the info SirNick. I only have a vague recollection of Wesley's view, so I was "shooting from the hip" as they say. I simply read scriptures that say "There is none that seeketh after God" and that we are born in sin and slaves to sin; then I read that "no one comes to Me except the Father draw him" and many similar statements which lead me to conclude that apart from God's intervention, those who do choose Christ would not have done so. So, this must be saving grace, not merely prevenient grace. I do believe there is a general grace of God towards mankind and especially before the age of accountability when God's grace forgives them of original sin, so they are "alive to God" for that time.
I'll have to review "irresistible grace" again sometime, but my sense of it is that, while I don't believe that Christ died only for the elect, I do believe that the elect will most certainly respond to God's call; he takes of the same lump and makes a vessel unto honor and unto dishonor according to His will.
Adam and Eve were the only humans ever born with free will besides Christ IMO. They were under the law, not grace. Grace was a planned response to man's failure under the law.
@SirNickDon@xanga - @Rocky - The bible clearly says we can resist the Holy Ghost. Acts 7:51 - "Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye."
And Hebrews 3:7-8 - "Wherefore as the Holy Ghost saith, Today if ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts."
Rocky you said -
but my sense of it is that, while I don't believe that Christ died only for the elect, I do believe that the elect will most certainly respond to God's callGod elects according to his foreknowledge of knowing whether we will choose to believe. I Peter 1:2 - "Elect ACCORDING TO the FOREKNOWLEDGE of God the Father."
@musterion99@xanga - @Rocky - Agreed that his elect will most certainly respond, but I don't believe the Bible teaches that individuals are elected; rather passages like Romans 9 and Eph 1 show groups being elected. Check out this excellent concise summary of the corporate view of election: http://tinyurl.com/6s3rn2h
As well as this article from the Journal of Evangelical Theological Studies arguing for corporate election in Romans 9: http://tinyurl.com/89v3obk
@SirNickDon@xanga - I don't believe it's an either/or, but both. God elects both individuals and the church or body of Christ. God has foreknowledge of what each individual will do and elects individually according to his foreknowledge as I Peter 1:2 says. It sounds like maybe you're coming from more of an Open Theism view, which I don't espouse.
I was raised in a Congregational church (United Church of Christ) which I attended for 46 years and only came into the Methodist Church 4 years ago. I have been rigorously studying John Wesley as well as his contemporary and life long friend, George Whitefield. While it never broke up their friendship permanantly, they argued and discussed the idea of predestination for the rest of their lives. Whitefield absolutely believed in it and John Wesley did not. For me the answer is in John 14:6 “I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me." NKJV
@ETCACTOR@xanga - I believe in predestination but I don't believe God predestines everything. He predestined that Jesus would die on the cross for us. He also predestines that those who are "already saved", will be conformed to the image of his Son. I don't believe however that every time a little child is molested, that God predestined that to happen. God would be a monster if that was true.
@musterion99@xanga - You know I find the open theist perspective compelling, but I'm definitely not coming from that perspective in this thread, and those articles are both from classical Arminian sources. Foreknowledge of individual decisions is perfectly compatible with corporate, conditional election (that is, God has elected a remnant composed of those who freely choose to join), but isn't necessary for it either.
@SirNickDon@xanga -As I said, I don't believe it's an either/or.
@musterion99@xanga - How good and pleasant it is when brothers live together in unity!
@SirNickDon@xanga -
@musterion99@xanga - The verse says that the murderers of Jesus were stiff-necked and their hearts had not been circumcised by the new birth. Obviously, they resist the work of the Holy Spirit as well, but the "working" in view here is better understood as His external working (Nehemiah 9:30) through the prophet's mouth, than of an inward working. Whoever has received the most light has the greater guilt. God makes the clay into whatever pleases Him, for "who hath resisted His will"? I admit the verse is challenging, yet the objects of this accusation lead me to believe that they are a special case and that we can't conclude that their will is stronger than God's will, if He chose to save them. We know many of the Pharisees and scribes did believe; some did so in secret, if I recall. Also, remember God's dealing with them in John 12:39-40 "they could not believe, because that Isaiah said, He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them." Their refusal to believe in spite of all the miracles was because God hardened their heart; their resistance to the Holy Spirit was an example of that hardening.
Regarding the Hebrews 3 reference, it is written to Jewish believers being tempted to go back against Christ, like those who left Egypt (salvation) they were considering apostasy, so Paul encourages them to not harden their heart, but hold fast to their faith. (So this verse is off topic.) I don't deny that a believer can resist and even blaspheme the Holy Spirit.
The foreknowledge of God doesn't refer to God knowing the future, or what choices a person may make at a future time. When God is said to "know" someone, it means He recognizes them as belonging to Him, they are objects of His love. When He foreknows someone, it means that He knows who will be His; they are already present in His mind before they are born. If we were to suggest that God chooses people because they chose Him, we would be talking gibberish, making people sovereign instead of God, as well as contradicting other verses such as "you haven't chosen Me, I chose you" and "we love Him because He first loved us."
@SirNickDon@xanga - I remember studying similar theories before-- I'll check out the links-- but I believe 1 Corinth. 1:26-28 suggests that election is of individuals, not groups. We know from Revelation that there will be people in heaven from every tribe, nation and tongue; I don't know if that corresponds to what you're saying. Thanks for the links.
@Rocky - we can't conclude that their will is stronger than God's will
I disagree. It says they resisted the Holy Ghost. That is resisting God's will. We also resist God's will all the time. It's God's will that we don't commit sin, yet we go against God's will and sin. It's not that our will is stronger than God's will, it's that God in his sovereignty allows us to make moral choices, even if they go against his will. Now there are specific times when God can choose to make people do his will. This is usually a result of judgment as in the case of Pharaoh. First Pharaoh hardened his heart and then in judgment, God hardened Pharaoh's heart even more. and that applies to the scripture you gave from John 12. God also said to the children of Israel -"How often WOULD I have gathered you as hen doth gather her chicks but YE WOULD NOT."
Here we see God's will, that he wanted to gather them, and their freewill of resisting God.
The foreknowledge of God doesn't refer to God knowing the future, or what choices a person may make at a future time.
Yes it does. That's what the Greek word for foreknowledge means. You're just going by what some Calvinist has said in trying to explain it away. Are you saying God doesn't know the future and everything we will do in the future? If you are, then I guess you're an Open Theist.
When He foreknows someone, it means that He knows who will be His; they are already present in His mind before they are born.
If he knows that, then he also knows who will choose to believe in him.
If we were to suggest that God chooses people because they chose Him, we would be talking gibberish, making people sovereign instead of God
Completely wrong. God in his sovereignty has made the sovereign decision to allow us to either receive him or reject him. Yes God chose us. He chose us in him as the bible states.The him being Jesus. He knows who will choose to be in Jesus. And elected us according to his foreknowledge, as the bible states. Listen, we're probably not going to agree so thanks for the discussion. God bless.
@musterion99@xanga It doesn't say that the Holy Spirit was drawing them to salvation and that they had resisted God's election. How can it be of any surprise that the murderers of Christ would be resisters of the Holy Spirit? I think you know better than to try to compare the fact that people sin to the illogic that a person who is elect to salvation will not embrace the Savior. Apples and Oranges. True, people harden their heart and God hardens their heart, or maybe the two are one and the same. It's like conversion and repentance. Conversion is what God does, repentance is what we do, like two sides of a coin.
The Bible says that no one can resist His will, that is, thwart His purposes, His secret decrees: 2 Chron.20:6; Daniel 4:35; Rom.9:19-23 and many more verses. When people sin they are rebelling against His revealed will and fully guilty, but their sinning is in accordance with His plan, or at least doesn't interfere with His plans in general. If they interfered with His plans, He would stop them from sinning like God prevented Abimelech from committing adultery in ignorance. Each person is entirely at the mercy of God every second of the day, so they can do nothing which He doesn't allow. (Daniel 5:23; Acts 17:28) Jesus told the Pharisees that God would continue to send prophets and wise men to them for them to resist, persecute and kill until they fill up the measure of their sins for the judgment of 70 AD. God was in charge the whole time, not man.
Yes God knows the future. The reason He knows the future is because He controls the now which produces the future. The scripture uses the term "know" to mean "have an intimate fellowship and favor with", what we call "salvation". Of some it will be said "I never knew you", others "I know you not". Paul declared "The Lord knoweth them that are His" and when his ministry in one town had a rough start, Jesus told Paul to stay and preach for "I have much people in this city"... before they even heard the gospel, they belonged to God. "As many as were ordained to eternal life, believed"-- No more, no less. God doesn't wonder how many will be saved. He decides it, just like He reserved 7,000 men who hadn't bowed the knee to Baal, and in Revelation He will save and call exactly 12,000 from 12 tribes, 144,000 in all. None will be missing.
The word "foreknow" is a verb in the active voice... those whom God foreknew... that is He decided that He would know them as His own children due to His purpose and love; these objects of His love, His knowing, He also predestined to be conformed to Christ's image. Notice the word "also". The foreknowing and the predestining are both the actions and initiative of God, not His response. He is the active agent when He "knows" someone; its not a passive knowing and its not a knowledge of their actions or confession of faith for they can't exercise faith until He gives them that gift. They can't repent until He grants them repentance. No one can come to Christ unless the Father draws them. So, obviously, He doesn't elect people based on their decisions. They decide for Christ based upon God's predestination, by which He fore-knows them as His children, in intimate relationship with Him. If it referred to His foreknowledge as in prescience, then the text would be saying that all men are saved and predestined to be conformed to Christ's image, since He foreknows all men in *that* sense.
I agree with your last statement, friend.
And God bless you too. Brothers in Christ can agree to disagree.
@Rocky -
How can it be of any surprise that the murderers of Christ would be resisters of the Holy Spirit?If they're resisting, then it's only logical that God's will is for them to not be murderers. The Holy Spirit wants them to obey and they are resisting. Common sense!
The Bible says that no one can resist His will, that is, thwart His purposes
I've already explained to you that God's sovereign will and purpose is to allow us to make moral choices. That is his will. He decided that. He didn't create us as puppets. I'm not going to respond any further since we're not going to agree and we'll just continue to go in circles. If you want to reply back again, that's up to you.